Figure 1.

Insulin secretion from gluco- and lipotoxic INS-1E cells. Insulin release (A) and content (B) from INS-1E cells cultured at 5.5 or 20 mM glucose (Glu) in the absence or presence of 0.5 mM palmitate (PA) for 48 hours. Insulin secretion was measured by acutely stimulating the cells with 3 mM (white bars), 20 mM glucose (grey bars), 3 mM glucose and palmitate (white hatched bars) or 20 mM glucose and palmitate (grey hatched bars) for 30 minutes after culture at the indicated culture conditions. Insulin release and content were normalized to total protein. Results are means ± SEM for four to six independent experiments. *p < 0.05 compared to basal insulin release, #p < 0.05 compared to stimulatory insulin release from cells cultured at 5.5 mM glucose, §p < 0.05 compared to basal insulin release from cells cultured at 5.5 or 20 mM glucose, †p < 0.05 denotes effect of 20 mM glucose.